Instructional designers may develop a positive or negative bias toward certain instructional methods or technologies based on limited info.

This bias involves relying heavily on the first piece of information encountered (the "anchor") when making decisions or judgments.

Instructional designers may anchor their design decisions on initial ideas or constraints without fully exploring alternatives.

Overconfidence Bias: Learners may overestimate their own abilities or knowledge. IDs can incorporate assessments and feedback mechanisms.

Instructional designers might rely on readily available examples or solutions from their own experience or recent projects when designing.

Availability Heuristic in Learners. This bias occurs when learners make judgments based on information that is readily available to them.

Instructional designers may have a tendency to favor information that confirms their initial design decisions or instructional approaches.

Confirmation Bias in Learners: Learners may seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs, ignoring contradictory evidence.